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Impact of atmospheric nitrogen pollution on belowground mycorrhizal fungal community structure and composition in the San Bernardino Mountains
Ayesha Tasneem Sirajuddin
Paperback. ProQuest, UMI Dissertation Publishing 2011-09-11.
ISBN 9781244081970
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Förlagets beskrivning
I examined the effect of long-term nitrogen deposition on below ground diversity and structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Ponderosa pine stands, in the forests along a nitrogen gradient in the San Bernardino Mountains in Southern California. Camp Paivika on the western edge of the mountains is a nitrogen-saturated site while Camp Osceola on the eastern edge of the mountains is a nitrogen-limited site. Using molecular methods and sequencing, 142 morphotypes belonging to 54 genera were identified on root tips of Ponderosa pines collected on four sampling dates from Nov 2005--June 2007. Eighty seven species were detected at Camp Osceola compared to seventy species at Camp Paivika and both ectomycorrhizal species richness (15%) and abundance (36%) declined with increasing nitrogen availability and differed significantly by sites and dates. Shannon Weiner and Simpson indices were relatively similar within and between the plots at both sites. In contrast, beta diversity differed between the sites with the highest values in the fertilized plots at Camp Paivika and beta diversity was a negative predictor of both ectomycorrhizal species richness and abundance. Root length was the lowest in the fertilized plots at Camp Paivika and differed significantly between the two sites. Number of root tips colonized by the ectomycorrhizal fungi at both sites decreased by 30% with nitrogen fertilization. The below ground ectomycorrhizal species on Ponderosa roots were diverse and consisted of Ascomycetes (39%) and Basidiomycetes (58%). Cenococcum geophilum, Thelephoracae, Tomentella and Wilcoxina rehmii were the four dominant and widespread taxa, occurring in a majority of the root samples in both the fertilized and non-fertilized plots at both sites. The abundance of Cenococcum geophilum, Tomentella and Wilcoxina rehmii decreased while that of Thelephoeraceae increased in response to nitrogen enrichment. Cortinarius species found in the unfertilized plots at the low nitrogen deposition site were completely absent at the nitrogen saturated site and dominance of the Russula species mostly at the low nitrogen site significantly decreased with increase in nitrogen availability. These results suggest that nitrogen deposition reduces ectomycorrhizal fungal species richness and abundance and alters the fungal community composition and structure
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Impact of atmospheric nitrogen pollution on belowground mycorrhizal fungal community structure and composition in the San Bernardino Mountains
Bokrecensioner » Impact of atmospheric nitrogen pollution on belowground mycorrhizal fungal community structure and composition in the San Bernardino Mountains
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