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Exploring the effects of residential segregation on health outcomes among racial and ethnic minority groups
Emily Walton
Paperback. ProQuest, UMI Dissertation Publishing 2011-09-08.
ISBN 9781243705280
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Förlagets beskrivning
For racial and ethnic minorities in the United States, are there benefits or drawbacks to living primarily among others of one's own racial or ethnic group? A wealth of research on residential segregation suggests that living in ethnic minority-concentrated communities exacerbates structural inequality by limiting economic opportunities, creating a cycle of disinvestment, and concentrating risk factors. For these reasons, racial residential segregation has been linked to a host of social problems: poor schools, limited educational opportunities, increased crime, health risks, and social disorder. Given the differing historical foundations underlying segregation among America's racial and ethnic minority groups, however, it is not clear that all segregated neighborhoods act to compound social ills. In this dissertation, I investigate how health status is affected by residential segregation, with special attention to racial and ethnic minority groups for whom the nature of the relationship has not been well-established. I use data from multiple sources---the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Natality Data, the 2000 U.S. Census, the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) in California, and the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS). I employ spatial analysis and multilevel models to test hypotheses regarding the relationships between contextual measures of racial residential segregation and individual health outcomes. Taken together, the empirical chapters demonstrate great complexity among types of segregated ethnic neighborhoods. Through the course of three studies, I show that modern residentially segregated Asian and Latino communities do not conform to traditional characterizations and there is not a unidirectional association with health status. Current segregation theory is rooted in a paradigm that considers minority ethnic neighborhoods to be similarly lacking health-related resources and opportunities. On the whole, Asian Americans living among other Asian Americans have better health than those who live in integrated neighborhoods with whites. Latino Americans as a group appear to be following more of a classic spatial assimilation trajectory, in which residential integration in neighborhoods with whites coincides with socioeconomic and social mobility, relating to improved health status
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Exploring the effects of residential segregation on health outcomes among racial and ethnic minority groups
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