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Original publisher: Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala. : Air University Press, [2003] OCLC Number: (OCoLC)53445002 Subject: Bombing, Aerial -- United States. Excerpt: ... THEISEN 9 USAF and the Marines jointly came up with procedures and tactics to make this a viable mission for the B-52. Using the Combat Skyspot system, which was a radar control van, the 27 Marines guided effective CAS strikes with the B-52. Demonstrating the persistence of airpower during the bat-tle for Khe Sanh, B-52s flew from Guam and Thailand and arrived over the Khe Sanh combat base every 90 minutes with more than 2, 500 sorties to support the 26th Marine Regiment during the heavy firefight. The B-52 proved it pos-sible to use the bomber in Southeast Asia in tactical support of the maneuvering ground units with some success if prepa-28 rations were appropriate. During the Persian Gulf War, B-52s were once again called upon to perform the CAS mission. B-52 crews bombed nu-merous Republican Guard positions and were occasionally called off preplanned targets to support the ground forces. The Iraqi attack on Khafji is just one example. B-52 crews identified armor columns with onboard radar systems and 29 struck these emerging targets from safe altitudes. In Operation Allied Force, B-52s were used in the CAS role as airborne alert interdiction ( XINT ) sorties. These missions were flown in support of the Kosovo Liberation Army against 30 Yugoslavian Police and army ( VJ ) forces. The XINT concept was born at the USAF Weapons School as a way to halt the ground forces in the vicinity of the FSCL. The B-52s dropped 31 Mk-82, Mk-84, and M-117 munitions in this effort. The B-1 was first used in combat during Operation Desert Fox. There are no instances of CAS operations per-formed by the B-1 until Operation Enduring Freedom. Even though heavy bombers were used in a CAS role dur-ing various conflicts, there was no extensive or continuing use of the heavy bomber in this role over the years. Transformatio
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Ground-aided precision strike: heavy bomber activity in Operation Enduring Freedom
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