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Original publisher: Washington, DC : The Office, [2001]. LC Number: TD657 .U55 2001 OCLC Number: (OCoLC)47895387 Subject: Nonpoint source pollution -- United States. Excerpt: ... carries them into receiving waters. Studies have shown that urban runoff and the pollutants it carries can negatively affect water quality, aquatic life, and public health. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, between 1945 and 1997, Paved Surfaces Have urban land area increased by almost 327 percent, from 15 million acres to Increased With Urban and about 64 million acres in the contiguous 48 states. From 1992 through 1997, Suburban Expansion and the annual rate of development averaged about 1 million acres per year. Growth in Automobile Use The land developed between 1945 and 1997 came primarily from forestland 8 and pasture and range. For example, according to the Bureau of the Census, between 1960 and 1990, the amount of land used for urban purposes in Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C., grew by about 170 percent and 177 percent, respectively. As a result, urbanization, with its, accompanying expansion of impervious surfaces like sidewalks roofs, parking lots, and roads, has significantly increased the nation's total 9 developed land and paved surface area. Figure 2 demonstrates the growth in the urbanized areas of Baltimore and Washington, D.C., over the last half th of the 20 century. 8 Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators, 2000, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Resource Economics Division. 9 Our Built and Natural Environments, A Technical Review of the Interaction Between Land U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Use, Transportation and Environmental Quality, ( EPA 231-R-00-005, Nov. 2000 ). Page 13 GAO-01-679 Water Quality: Urban Runoff Programs
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Water quality: better data and evaluation of urban runoff programs needed to assess effectiveness: report to congressional requesters
Bokrecensioner » Water quality: better data and evaluation of urban runoff programs needed to assess effectiveness: report to congressional requesters
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