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Monitoring Hawaii's marine protected areas: examining spatial and temporal trends using a seascape approach
U.S. Government
Paperback. Books LLC, Reference Series 2012-06-23.
ISBN 9781234056797
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Förlagets beskrivning
Original publisher: Silver Spring, MD : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, [2010] OCLC Number: (OCoLC)680649266 Subject: Marine parks and reserves -- Hawaii. Excerpt: ... Methods Study Sites The study areas are located in the main Hawaiian Islands at Pupukea and Hanauma Bay on the island of Oahu; Honolua-Mokuleia Bay, Maui; and Ke-alakekua Bay, Hawaii ( Figure 4 and Table 1 ). These study sites were cho-sen because they are characterized by a wide range of habitats types, repre-sentative wave exposures, varying lev-els of resource protection, and human use. Each site has an MPA, referred to as MLCDs in Hawaii, and an adjacent area of comparable habitat that is open to resource extraction. This provides an opportunity to examine the relationship???????????????????????????????????-blages ( MPAs ), and their associated habitat, as well as the ability to compare????????????????????????????????????????-ships in adjacent open access areas. Figure 4. Map of the Hawaiian Islands and study locations. Table 1. Summary of Marine Life Conservation Districts at four study sites in the main Hawaiian Islands. Marine Life Island Established Area Use Protection Permitted activities 2 Conservation ( km )???????????District Pupukea Oahu 1983 * ( 2003 ) 0.71 moderate moderate pole-and-line from shore; har-vest of seaweed ( seasonal ) * * Hanauma Bay Oahu 1967 0.41 high high complete no-take Honolua-Mokuleia Maui 1978 0.19 moderate high complete no-take Bay Kealakekua Bay Hawaii 1969 1.24 high moderate hook and line; throw net; har-vest of seaweed ( seasonal ) * * and crustaceans in 60 % of the total area???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????-?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Fler böcker av U.S. Government
Liknande böckerHonolulu County, Hawaii, Including: Oahu, Camp H. M. Smith, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Ford Island, Mokolea Rock, ALA Moana, Kaimuki, Hawaii, CocoPaperback 2017
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Monitoring Hawaii's marine protected areas: examining spatial and temporal trends using a seascape approach
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